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Classics & Primary Sources

The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

First published
1776–1789

Edward Gibbon's monumental, elegantly ironic history of Rome's long decline, from the second century to the fall of Constantinople.

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About this book

Edward Gibbon's great work, published in six volumes between 1776 and 1789, traces the history of the Roman Empire from the height of its stability in the second century AD through the collapse of the West and on to the fall of Constantinople in 1453.

Gibbon covers emperors, barbarian invasions, the rise of Christianity, the Byzantine world and the early history of Islam. He writes in a polished, often ironic style, and his views on religion and on the causes of Rome's fall were controversial in his own day. Modern historians have revised many of his conclusions, but the work remains a landmark of historical writing, admired for its sweep, its careful use of sources and its memorable sentences.

Many editions exist, including complete sets and abridged single volumes; we suggest a modern edition with notes and an introduction, and an abridgement is a sensible way to begin. For a recent view of Rome's earlier history, try SPQR.

Who it’s for

For patient, ambitious readers who love fine prose; the full work is very long and demanding, so an abridged edition is a gentler start.

Ancient RomeByzantiumEnlightenmentClassic history

Editions vary by publisher and format. Check the retailer’s listing for the edition, translation and format before you buy.